Regional Sports Networks Are Faltering Even as Ratings Soar

Regional sports networks (RSNs) occupy a unique position in the American sports broadcasting landscape. Since 2022, national ratings for RSNs jumped by 13%, according to Nielsen data, boosted by local fan engagement and thrilling postseason runs. Yet beneath the surface, surging audience numbers have failed to shore up the financial foundations of these networks. Bally Sports, once the largest group of RSNs in the United States, filed for bankruptcy protection under Diamond Sports Group in March 2023, cutting off vital cash flow to dozens of major league teams. So how can more people than ever tune in, while the business itself teeters on the brink? Why does every triumphant buzzer-beater accompany unsettling headlines about layoffs, missed payments, and shuttered operations? Reflect for a moment: when did you last see a local sports broadcast not shadowed by uncertainty about its future?

The Traditional RSN Business Model: How Money Once Moved in Regional Sports

Core Operations of Regional Sports Networks

Regional sports networks (RSNs) typically function as exclusive broadcasters for local professional and collegiate teams within specific geographic markets. By securing broadcast rights, these networks control the primary channel through which fans access live games, pre-game shows, and post-game analysis. RSNs develop their schedules around local team calendars, often providing coverage for several major league clubs in markets like New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago.

Revenue Streams: Subscriptions, Advertisers, and Carriage Deals

• Subscription Fees: The lion’s share of RSN revenue arises from monthly carriage fees paid by cable, satellite, and telecom providers. For example, according to S&P Global Market Intelligence, as of 2022, average per-subscriber monthly fees range from $2.50 to $6, depending on the exclusivity and popularity of the local teams carried.
• Advertising Sales: RSNs generate additional cash flow by selling commercial slots during games, pre- and post-game programs, and highlight shows. National and local advertisers compete for prime placement, especially during playoff runs or rivalry matchups when viewership spikes. In 2021, industry data from Magna Global indicates that local TV sports advertising reached $4.1 billion, with RSNs accounting for a significant portion.
• Carriage Agreements: To maximize reach, RSNs negotiate multi-year carriage agreements with pay-TV operators. These deals often feature “must-carry” clauses, ensuring widespread distribution and stable revenue regardless of actual household tune-in.

Ownership Structures: Team-Owned vs. Media Company-Controlled

Ownership dynamics vary between regions. Some networks, such as YES Network (New York Yankees) and Spectrum SportsNet (Los Angeles Lakers), maintain direct financial relationships with franchises who receive equity stakes or direct revenue shares. Conversely, conglomerates like Bally Sports and NBC Sports Regional Networks operate RSNs independently or in partnership with multiple teams, leveraging scale to spread costs and negotiate higher ad rates.

Financial Structure: Expenses and Rights Deals

• Broadcast Rights: The single largest expense for RSNs comes from licensing agreements with professional teams. According to Sports Business Journal, the average MLB RSN deal exceeds $50 million annually, with some markets such as Los Angeles topping $200 million per year for exclusive rights.
• Production and Talent Costs: Costs include technical crews, on-air talent, mobile broadcast units, camera operations, graphics, and studio facilities. A typical RSN will spend $10–$20 million per year on production, based on media industry reporting from Kagan.
• Guaranteed Rights Payment: RSNs frequently commit to long-term, fixed-fee contracts (commonly 10-25 years) that guarantee sports teams’ income regardless of actual viewership. For example, the Los Angeles Dodgers’ 25-year RSN deal signed with Charter in 2013 was valued at $8.35 billion, establishing an inflexible obligation for the network.

Reflect on Team Deals and Guaranteed Payments

Long-term guaranteed deals provide teams with revenue certainty but expose RSNs to considerable financial risk, especially during downturns in subscriber numbers. Paired with rising production expenses, this approach once appeared bulletproof: fans stayed loyal, and cable subscriptions remained steady. Now, ask yourself this—what happens when millions cut the cord and RSNs must still meet $100-million-plus annual guarantees to their teams?

Financial Struggles of RSNs Despite High Ratings

Key Financial Challenges Plaguing Regional Sports Networks

Most regional sports networks (RSNs), formerly considered reliable profit generators, currently report shrinking margins even as their viewership climbs. Direct factors have eroded profitability, driving several major players into distress. What explains this paradox?

• Escalating Sports Rights Fees and Expenses Rights to broadcast live professional games demand soaring payments. Across the United States, annual rights fees for MLB, NBA, and NHL franchises routinely top $50–$100 million per team, locking RSNs into multi-year, billion-dollar contracts. According to S&P Global Market Intelligence, total RSN rights payments climbed from $4.5 billion in 2013 to more than $8.3 billion by 2022, nearly doubling in less than a decade. Besides rights for game broadcasts, production costs—spanning camera crews, announcers, advanced replay technology, and on-site logistics—have surged.
• Fixed Costs Versus Variable Revenue While those rights costs remain contractually fixed, RSN revenue now fluctuates unpredictably. Cord cutting has led to a 28% decline in U.S. pay TV household penetration between 2017 and 2023 (Leichtman Research Group). Subscriber fees, traditionally collected wholesale from major cable and satellite distributors, have collapsed as viewers leave pay TV. Meanwhile, advertising revenue, though bolstered by rising ratings, cannot fill the gap left by vertical drops in subscriber payments. This imbalance puts immense pressure on the RSN business model.

Case Examples: Prominent RSNs Facing Financial Turmoil

Several networks have declared bankruptcy or announced severe financial distress since 2020, underscoring the depth of the crisis.

• Bally Sports (Diamond Sports Group) Diamond Sports Group, the Sinclair Broadcast Group subsidiary operating under the Bally Sports banner, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in March 2023. Before bankruptcy, Diamond controlled media rights for 42 professional sports teams, including 14 MLB and 16 NBA teams. In 2022, Diamond’s rights payments alone topped $1.8 billion, but projected annual subscriber fees plummeted by more than 30% since 2019 (Wall Street Journal, March 2023). The company missed payments to several teams during the 2023 season, threatening the very broadcasts that attract their strong local audiences.
• AT&T SportsNet and Others Exiting the Market In early 2023, Warner Bros. Discovery announced plans to exit the RSN business and shutter its AT&T SportsNet channels, which previously held rights to MLB, NBA, and NHL games in Colorado, Utah, and Pennsylvania. The move left local sports franchises scrambling for replacement broadcast options and revealed the lack of financial viability for standalone RSNs—even in markets where ratings remain healthy.

Consider these rapid shifts: even as regular-season games delivered their highest viewership in a decade, several RSNs failed to meet payroll or rights obligations. What will fill the gap if these networks continue to fail?

Strategies Shift as Sports Media Rights and Distribution Evolve

Shifting Landscape

Regional sports networks (RSNs) once relied on multiyear, exclusive rights deals. Over the last decade, however, the environment around sports media rights has undergone radical transformation. Gone are the days when a single RSN could secure broadcasting rights from a professional team for periods of ten years or longer. As industry reports from Sports Business Journal illustrate, the average length of recent deals has shortened significantly. According to 2023 data, many new rights contracts last between three to seven years, compared to a previous standard of 10-20 years. This shift reflects the unpredictable economics of pay-TV, mounting cord-cutting, and mounting concerns over long-term profitability.

Move from Long-Term RSN Deals to Flexible Agreements

Why does this new flexibility matter? First, teams no longer want to be locked into local TV contracts that fail to reflect rising viewership or changing technology platforms. Consider Major League Baseball: since 2021, several MLB teams have renegotiated or terminated legacy RSN contracts. The San Diego Padres, for example, transitioned away from their RSN arrangement in 2023 when Diamond Sports Group filed for bankruptcy, and now rely on MLB to handle local streaming and distribution.

Such contract flexibility allows teams and networks to periodically revisit the market value of game broadcasts. It also gives rise to greater leverage in negotiations, as both parties can react quickly to new technology, competitor bids, or evolving fan habits. How might this impact future deals in your market?

League and Team Strategies

Athletes and leagues no longer regard conventional cable as the only way to reach fans. With cord-cutting accelerating—Leichtman Research Group reports a decline of about 7% in U.S. pay-TV households from 2022 to 2023—teams have responded accordingly. Several high-profile franchises now experiment with direct-to-consumer (DTC) models, offering streaming services tailored for local markets. In 2023, the NBA’s Phoenix Suns bypassed their previous RSN by launching a combination of free over-the-air broadcasts and a paid streaming app, aiming for maximum reach and new revenue channels.

• Major League Baseball: MLB Now, a recently launched direct-to-consumer service, offers out-of-market games and, for a growing number of teams, in-market streaming to local fans.
• National Hockey League: Following the 2023 season, the Arizona Coyotes shifted from a traditional RSN to a partnership with Scripps Sports for broader digital and broadcast accessibility.
• National Basketball Association: Teams such as the Utah Jazz and LA Clippers have moved to flexible streaming and broadcast partnerships, allowing fans to access games outside the limits of cable bundles.

Teams and leagues increasingly see these alternative channels not just as options, but as vital routes to financial stability and fan engagement. What possibilities does this open in terms of content innovation and targeted fan experiences? The next wave of distribution prioritizes adaptability, harnesses digital infrastructure, and places consumers at the forefront of strategy, pushing RSNs to redefine their value proposition within the sports ecosystem.

The Impact of Streaming and Digital Platforms on Regional Sports Networks

Streaming’s Disruption: A Shifting Landscape

Streaming platforms have fundamentally upended the regional sports network (RSN) ecosystem. Cord-cutting has accelerated, with 18.3% of U.S. households dropping traditional multichannel TV in 2023 (Kagan, S&P Global Market Intelligence). Every month, more viewers abandon cable bundles in favor of streaming options, while pay-TV subscriptions in the U.S. dropped below 60% of households for the first time in 2023 (Leichtman Research Group).

Tech giants and legacy media companies now compete directly with RSNs by launching their own sports-specific streaming services. ESPN+, for instance, reported 26 million paid subscribers as of Q4 2023 (Disney earnings report), and MLB.TV saw a record 12.7 billion minutes streamed in 2023 (MLB, 2023 regular season). Amazon, Apple, and NBC’s Peacock allocate billions to live sports programming, while RSNs struggle to retain exclusivity.

• Companies such as Bally Sports and AT&T SportsNet have responded by launching direct-to-consumer apps; however, these operate in parallel with traditional cable carriage, causing fragmentation.
• Owners of marquee sports rights—MLB, NBA, NHL—continue to explore in-house streaming, which further dilutes the RSN model’s business case.

Viewer Access: Business Deals Dictate the Experience

Access to games varies sharply depending on digital rights negotiations. Fans might discover their team’s games locked behind paywalls, blacked out due to regional restrictions, or distributed across several streaming platforms. Comcast and Dish Network dropped MASN and NBC Sports regional channels from their lineups in select regions during 2023, directly due to carriage disputes; as a result, millions of baseball and hockey fans lost access to live local broadcasts (Sports Business Journal, April 2023).

Streaming services like Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV+, and Peacock sign high-profile, non-exclusive deals with leagues, sometimes bypassing RSNs entirely. The New York Yankees, for example, streamed 20 games exclusively on Amazon Prime in 2023 (New York Post, May 2023), while the NBA’s Las Vegas expansion plans feature an explicit focus on direct-to-consumer streaming and international distribution rather than RSN territory carve-outs.

• The fragmentation of rights means fans may pay multiple subscription fees just to follow one team or sport, reshaping what used to be a single cable channel offering.
• Exclusive streaming rights, local market blackouts, and shifting alliances among teams, leagues, and tech partners have created a complex—and sometimes frustrating—landscape for the modern sports viewer.

Which platform did you rely on for your last local game? Are you paying more or less for the same level of access compared to a few years ago? For many, the rise of streaming generates tough questions about value and convenience.

Rising Viewer Ratings & Audience Trends

Positive Audience Metrics Reshape Local Sports Broadcasting

Nielsen data reported that during the 2023 Major League Baseball season, regional sports networks (RSNs) posted year-over-year increases in household viewership for more than half of all MLB teams. For instance, the Atlanta Braves recorded a 28% jump on Bally Sports South and Southeast, while the Texas Rangers experienced a 22% increase on Bally Sports Southwest [Sports Business Journal]. Fans have shown persistent loyalty to their local teams, often driving game-day ratings that outpace primetime programming on major broadcast networks within those markets.

New Trends in Live Game Viewership

RSNs have captured spikes in viewership during high-stakes matchups and playoff runs. In the first round of the 2023 NBA Playoffs, for example, the Sacramento Kings’ games on NBC Sports California drew average household shares of 21.7 in Sacramento—a figure that surpassed all non-sports telecasts in the region [Sports Business Journal]. The phenomenon extends to NHL coverage as well: Boston Bruins’ local broadcasts on NESN saw growth of 18% in 2022-23 over the previous season.

Engagement Highlights: Fan Bases and Peak Channel Ratings

High-profile events ignite engagement. The St. Louis Cardinals’ Opening Day on Bally Sports Midwest reached a peak household rating of 11.8 in the St. Louis DMA, making it the highest-rated television broadcast in that market for the month. When evaluating digital engagement, RSNs like YES Network have set streaming records with the New York Yankees, with concurrent digital streams surpassing 118,000 during Aaron Judge’s 62nd home run on October 4, 2022 [New York Post].

• NBA and MLB RSNs have exceeded 100% year-over-year growth in younger demographics (ages 18-34) for some teams, according to Nielsen Local TV Ratings for Q2 2023.
• During the 2023 NHL Playoffs, local Stanley Cup broadcasts in Vegas and South Florida delivered household shares of 27% and 16% respectively on their RSNs.
• Social media video engagement by RSNs, as tracked by Conviva, rose 48% year-over-year in 2023—the top drivers being in-market highlights and instant reaction clips during live games.

These surging ratings and interactive experiences challenge the narrative that live local sports are in decline. Which teams in your area have seen the biggest jumps in engagement? Are you finding yourself tuning in more often, or joining conversations online? For many fans, the data shows that the connection to local teams is not only holding steady—it's intensifying.

Revenue and Expense Pressure on Local Teams

Deal Instability Disrupts Financial Planning

Traditional multi-year contracts with regional sports networks once offered local teams reliability, but that landscape has shifted. Teams dependent on RSNs for steady cash flow now contend with late payments, short-term agreements, or renegotiated terms. Examples like Diamond Sports Group, which filed for bankruptcy in March 2023, led to missed payments and public disputes with teams such as the Arizona Diamondbacks and the San Diego Padres. Have you considered how volatile cash flow might impact roster decisions or venue upgrades?

The Ripple Effect: When RSNs Falter, Local Teams Feel the Shock

Financial stress at RSNs doesn't stay isolated. When networks default on rights payments or lose market reach, this strain directly impacts a team's operating budget. Teams in the MLB, NBA, and NHL drew an estimated 20% to 40% of their annual revenue from RSN contracts as recently as 2021, according to Forbes and SportsBusiness Journal. Suddenly losing millions in guaranteed income means front offices must slash costs, rethink player salaries, or delay crucial investments in scouting and player development.

Business Model Risks Amplified by Uncertainty

No longer able to rely on the traditional RSN partnership model, local teams must navigate new risks. Unpredictable broadcast revenue makes it challenging to plan for long-term growth. Some teams have already started exploring direct-to-consumer offerings, but the transition requires upfront investment and technical expertise that not all franchises possess. Given this uncertainty, how might teams adapt their business strategies to weather fluctuating income streams? Which expenses become non-negotiable when so much remains in flux?

Loss of Predictable RSN Income and Exposure

Teams also risk losing more than money—exposure becomes a casualty. RSNs historically placed team broadcasts in front of millions of local fans; in 2022, the YES Network alone averaged 368,000 viewers per New York Yankees broadcast (Nielsen). When RSNs cut ties or restrict market access, teams see a measurable decline in fan engagement and brand strength. For franchises, the loss of reliable revenue and regional visibility can accelerate the need to reinvent local fan outreach, merchandising, and digital experience strategies.

Shifting Advertiser Strategies: Where the Money Flows as RSNs Falter

Advertisers Adapt to a Changing Media Landscape

Traditional regional sports networks (RSNs) face declining revenues even as their ratings climb, forcing advertisers to recalibrate their strategies. Brands that once favored high-viewership local broadcasts have shifted their focus, searching for audiences across platforms. Imagine you’re a CMO allocating millions—will you stick with a crumbling RSN if digital channels promise faster growth and more granular targeting?

Changing Spend: From RSNs to Digital Channels

Since 2020, advertising spend on linear TV, including RSNs, has dropped by 6.3% annually, according to eMarketer’s 2023 U.S. Digital Sports Advertising Report. Digital sports advertising, in contrast, gained 14% year-on-year, with over $3.4 billion channeled into programmatic platforms, in-app ads, and video streaming placements.

Major advertisers now invest in platforms with robust first-party data; an August 2023 IAB survey found that 62% of sports marketers planned to increase spend on connected TV and digital extensions, compared to 18% for legacy broadcast.

• Dynamic creative optimization—enabled on digital platforms—allows brands to serve tailored offers to segmented fan groups in real time.
• Influencer-driven campaigns on TikTok and Instagram Stories often produce double the engagement rates of static TV ads shown during local sports games.
• Sponsorship dollars now flow directly into mobile-first experiences and branded web content created in partnership with athletes.

New Revenue Channels Redefine Sports Advertising

Digital streaming services and social media have unlocked new forms of brand integration. Branded content—such as in-game statistics graphics or documentary-style short films—lets advertisers amplify their message far beyond 30-second spots. In fact, Statista reported that by 2023, branded content accounted for 19% of total digital sports advertising revenue in North America.

How often do you encounter a sponsored highlight reel trending on YouTube or a behind-the-scenes player story on Instagram? These bite-sized narratives, seamlessly embedded within users’ feeds, offer measurable KPIs unavailable in linear RSN broadcasts.

Social Media, Branded Content, and Sponsorship: The New Playbook

Sponsorship now means more than a logo on the jumbotron. Direct partnerships with leagues, teams, or even individual athletes unlock access to highly engaged micro-communities. Social media activations, live Q&A sessions, and real-time polls generate first-party data and carve out new touchpoints for advertisers.

• Instagram and Snapchat enable interactive polls during live games, increasing audience engagement and brand recall by up to 25%, according to Conviva’s State of Streaming 2023.
• Digital jersey patches, branded virtual stadiums, and immersive AR experiences attract sponsorships that grow 12% year-on-year, as tracked by PwC Sports Outlook.

Ready to rethink where your sports marketing dollars should go? The numbers demand an updated game plan: advertisers follow the eyeballs—no matter where they migrate next.

Consumer Demand for Direct-to-Consumer Options Reshapes the RSN Landscape

Rising Expectations Signal a Shift in Fan Behavior

American sports fans continue to express increasing frustration with the limitations of bundled cable subscriptions. In a 2023 Harris Poll commissioned by the digital platform FuboTV, 68% of U.S. sports viewers said they prefer to stream live games directly rather than rely on traditional TV packages. This appetite for flexibility drives fans to demand direct-to-consumer (DTC) models, which allow them to watch their favorite local teams without paying for dozens of unwanted channels.

Younger fans, particularly those aged 18 to 34, lead this trend. Research from Morning Consult in 2023 found that 56% in this age group expect to watch local team games online or on mobile devices, with only 31% sticking to traditional TV. Convenience, customization, and the ability to avoid blackout restrictions shape these evolving expectations. When asked what features matter in a DTC platform, 74% prioritized on-demand game replays, while 65% valued flexible subscriptions—either monthly or single-game.

Industry Response Accelerates as Teams and Leagues Pivot

Local sports rights holders and teams recognize these demands, responding with major changes. During 2023 and early 2024, a series of moves by major league teams confirmed the shift. For example, the Utah Jazz launched their own DTC service “Jazz+” ahead of the 2023-24 NBA season, offering live and on-demand games for $10.99 per month. MLB’s San Diego Padres and Phoenix Suns each ended long-term RSN contracts, pivoting to platforms where fans could subscribe directly and avoid cable bundles.

Some leagues back these efforts with new media models. Major League Soccer streams all matches through the single-platform MLS Season Pass, making every local and national game available in one place for a set fee ($14.99/month as of 2024). This consolidation reduces confusion, widens access, and feeds consumer demand for a modern, digital-first viewing experience.

• Ask yourself: how quickly would you drop cable if your local team offered a standalone streaming option?
• Note how the Los Angeles Clippers’ “ClipperVision” and the NBA’s NBA League Pass both offer out-of-market choices, but fans express a stronger desire for in-market, direct access.
• Recognize that 61% of sports fans told Morning Consult that they’d pay more for a reliable, flexible streaming solution over a traditional bundle.

The Future of RSNs and Live Sports Viewing

Industry Predictions: Turbulence and Transformation

Ask sports fans where they expect to watch their local games next season. Answers will vary—and that uncertainty signals a market in flux. Industry analysts such as those from MoffettNathanson predict continued contraction for regional sports networks (RSNs). According to S&P Global research, nearly one in five RSNs shuttered or changed ownership between 2020 and 2023. Media experts like John Ourand (Sports Business Journal) point to signals that major leagues, including the NBA and MLB, have already begun prepping for a landscape with far fewer RSNs in traditional form.

Collapse, Consolidation, or Reinvention?

Consolidation has already gained momentum—Diamond Sports Group, the parent company for Bally Sports, filed for bankruptcy in 2023, leading to speculation on market exits or mergers. Sinclair Broadcast Group reported a $4.23 billion non-cash impairment charge in 2022, highlighting both financial exposure and the tough choices facing broadcasters. Some analysts project up to 50% of current RSNs could exit the market by 2026. Could existing brands survive through reinvention? Consider YES Network’s model, which incorporates its own direct-to-consumer (DTC) platform alongside cable carriage. This approach offers an immediate look at hybrid business models aimed at stability.

Potential Solutions: Partnerships, Deal Structures, Hybrids

• Partnerships: Teaming up with big streaming platforms, as seen in the MLB’s Apple TV+ and Peacock deals, can unlock new distribution while offsetting lost cable subscribers.
• Innovative Rights Agreements: Shorter contracts or revenue-sharing clauses give teams and leagues the flexibility to adapt to viewer behaviors—examples include Major League Soccer’s ten-year global deal with Apple, valued at $2.5 billion beginning in 2023.
• Hybrid Channels: Launching DTC apps while maintaining presence on legacy cable increases reach. NESN 360, launched by the Boston Red Sox and Bruins’ home network in 2022, reached over 100,000 subscribers in its first year, combining digital offerings with traditional telecasts.

Role of Owners: Shaping the Next Era

Team and network owners have moved to assert greater control over broadcast economics. The Phoenix Suns cut ties with Bally Sports Arizona in 2023 and launched a partnership with Gray Television to guarantee free over-the-air access and an ad-supported streaming product, expanding reach to 2.8 million households. Such approaches reflect a broader strategic shift—direct audience ownership, diversified revenue, and direct engagement. Franchise valuations reflect this new reality; Forbes placed the average MLB team’s value at $2.32 billion in 2023, up 12% year over year, due in part to anticipated growth in digital revenue sharing. Will these bold choices deliver lasting growth? Only sustained experimentation and decisive pivots will determine which business models anchor live local sports in the coming decade.

High Ratings, Sinking Revenue: The New Reality for Regional Sports Networks

Core Issues Reshaping the RSN Landscape

Regional sports networks operate in an environment where audience growth no longer ensures financial viability. Multiple RSNs, including Bally Sports and AT&T SportsNet, post double-digit audience growth, yet publicly reported financial information highlights corporate losses running into hundreds of millions annually (Sinclair Broadcast Group’s Diamond Sports posted a $1.2 billion net loss in 2022, according to SEC filings). Expenses driven by multi-year rights deals, coupled with escalating channel carriage fees, have outpaced revenue from traditional cable subscriptions.

What Comes Next?

Market dynamics have forced RSN owners—ranging from legacy companies like Sinclair to MLB and NBA team-owned channels—to confront business model obsolescence even as they deliver record viewership. Sports leagues, channel providers, and media companies that hesitate to evolve will continue to lose deal value and revenue streams. Fans, eager for flexible options, often bypass traditional bundles, eroding the once-dependable revenue foundation.

How do you see the modern sports media industry evolving? Should companies invest in direct-to-consumer models, or is there space for a reinvention of the legacy channel structure? Consider the financial implications and opportunities—where will the next big sports business deal emerge?

Quick Facts: Major RSN Financial Information

• Sinclair’s Diamond Sports: $8.67 billion debt at 2023 bankruptcy filing (Bloomberg).
• YES Network (Yankees): Generates estimated $500+ million annual revenue; recently secured new deals after ending prior partnership with Fox Sports (Forbes).
• AT&T SportsNet: Warner Bros. Discovery exited RSN business in 2023, citing unsustainable expenses versus projected revenue (Sports Business Journal).

Industry Glossary: Key Terms

• RSN (Regional Sports Network): A cable channel specializing in live coverage of local professional and collegiate sports.
• Carriage Fees: Payments cable/satellite providers make to carry a specific channel.
• Media Rights Deal: Contract granting broadcast/distribution rights for games to a channel or company.
• Direct-to-Consumer (DTC): Streaming model where subscribers pay the owner or channel directly for access.
• Revenue Sharing: Distribution of media and sponsorship income among leagues, teams, and channel owners.

Stakeholder Action Prompt

Leagues, companies, and fans shape the future of sports revenue. Which next step will drive the most value for your business or viewing experience? Voice your thoughts and solutions—adaptation rewards the proactive in today’s fast-moving industry.